Main conclusion This review highlights the most recent updated information available about
Zn phytotoxicity at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels, uptake mechanisms as …

Phytoremediation is an economically viable green technology that utilizes hyperaccumulator
plants to remove heavy metals (HM) from the soil. Hyperaccumulators are adept at …

To explore the mechanisms underlying the action of the heavy metals Cd and Zn on the
photosynthetic function of plant leaves, the effects of 100 μmol L− 1 Cd and 200 μmol L− 1 …

Heavy metal contamination of soil and water causing toxicity/stress has become one
important constraint to crop productivity and quality. This situation has further worsened by …

Unprecedented bioaccumulation and biomagnification of heavy metals (HMs) in the
environment have become a dilemma for all living organisms including plants. HMs at toxic …

Plant cells orchestrate an array of molecular mechanisms for maintaining plasmatic
concentrations of essential heavy metal (HM) ions, for example, iron, zinc and copper, within …

In nature, land plants as sessile organisms are faced with multiple nutrient stresses that
often occur simultaneously in soil. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and …

The use of the essential element zinc (Zn) in the biochemistry of land plants is widespread,
and thus comparable to that in other eukaryotes. Plants have evolved the ability to adjust to …

Plants are under the continual threat of changing climatic conditions that are associated with
various types of abiotic stresses. In particular, heavy metal contamination is a major …

The green synthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts attracts considerable interest from
researchers as an eco-friendly alternative methods to conventional physical and chemical …