Animal models of nociception
D Le Bars, M Gozariu, SW Cadden - Pharmacological reviews, 2001 - ASPET
The study of pain in awake animals raises ethical, philosophical, and technical problems.
We review the ethical standards for studying pain in animals and emphasize that there are …
We review the ethical standards for studying pain in animals and emphasize that there are …
Updating the definition of pain
ACC Williams, KD Craig - Pain, 2016 - journals.lww.com
The definition of pain24 promulgated by the IASP (Box 1) has provided a powerful
conceptual anchor for scientific and health care professional advances in understanding the …
conceptual anchor for scientific and health care professional advances in understanding the …
[图书][B] The ancient origins of consciousness: How the brain created experience
TE Feinberg, J Mallatt - 2016 - books.google.com
How consciousness appeared much earlier in evolutionary history than is commonly
assumed, and why all vertebrates and perhaps even some invertebrates are conscious …
assumed, and why all vertebrates and perhaps even some invertebrates are conscious …
Central sensitization and LTP: do pain and memory share similar mechanisms?
Synaptic plasticity is fundamental to many neurobiological functions, including memory and
pain. Central sensitization refers to the increased synaptic efficacy established in …
pain. Central sensitization refers to the increased synaptic efficacy established in …
The role of the immune system in the generation of neuropathic pain
Persistent pain is a sequela of several neurological conditions with a primary immune basis,
such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Additionally, diverse forms of injury …
such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and multiple sclerosis. Additionally, diverse forms of injury …
Chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis: translational evidence of the relationship and implications
P Stratton, KJ Berkley - Human reproduction update, 2011 - academic.oup.com
BACKGROUND Many clinicians and patients believe that endometriosis-associated pain is
due to the lesions. Yet causality remains an enigma, because pain symptoms attributed to …
due to the lesions. Yet causality remains an enigma, because pain symptoms attributed to …
Fear and anxiety: divergent effects on human pain thresholds
JL Rhudy, MW Meagher - Pain, 2000 - Elsevier
Animal studies suggest that fear inhibits pain whereas anxiety enhances it; however it is
unclear whether these effects generalize to humans. The present study examined the effects …
unclear whether these effects generalize to humans. The present study examined the effects …
Cytokines for psychologists: implications of bidirectional immune-to-brain communication for understanding behavior, mood, and cognition
SF Maier, LR Watkins - 2002 - direct.mit.edu
In this chapter we argue that a variety of behavioral, affective, and cognitive phenomena are
driven by events in the immune system. These events occur in response to infection, injury …
driven by events in the immune system. These events occur in response to infection, injury …
Immune activation: the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflammation, illness responses and pathological pain states
LR Watkins, SF Maier, LE Goehler - Pain, 1995 - journals.lww.com
It has recently become accepted that the activated immune system communicates to brain
via release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review examines the possibility that pro …
via release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review examines the possibility that pro …
Beyond neurons: evidence that immune and glial cells contribute to pathological pain states
LR Watkins, SF Maier - Physiological reviews, 2002 - journals.physiology.org
Chronic pain can occur after peripheral nerve injury, infection, or inflammation. Under such
neuropathic pain conditions, sensory processing in the affected body region becomes …
neuropathic pain conditions, sensory processing in the affected body region becomes …