Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are expressed and play multiple functional roles in a variety of
immune cell types involved in tumor immunity. There are plenty of data on the …

Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a dual regulatory role in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
TLR agonists (TLRa) elicit both innate and adaptive immune responses to achieve anti …

Toll-like receptors play a vital role in cell-mediated immunity, which is crucial for the immune
system's defense against pathogens and maintenance of homeostasis. The interaction …

Immunostimulatory cues play an important role in priming antitumor immunity and promoting
the efficacy of subunit cancer vaccines. However, the clinical use of many …

Glucocorticoids are the most powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive
pharmacological drugs available, despite their adverse effects. Glucocorticoid-induced …

As part of the adaptive immune system, T cells are vital for the eradication of infected and
malignantly transformed cells. To perform their protective function, T cells produce effector …

Background Dysregulation of antiviral immunity has been implicated in the progression of
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection into severe cases of coronavirus disease …

Maintaining immune homeostasis is instrumental for host health. Immune cells, such as T
cells, are instrumental for the eradication of pathogenic bacteria, fungi and viruses …

Background Periodontitis is a serious health issue; however, there are few reports on
periodontitis and immune related. The study sought to analyze differences in gene …

Lactic acid was originally a by‐product of glucose metabolism, but many studies have
shown that lactic acid plays a vital role in regulating immune cell polarization, differentiation …