In the adult mammalian brain, more than 250 protein kinases are expressed, but only a few
of these kinases are currently known to enable learning and memory. Based on this …

Eukaryotic protein degradation by the proteasome and the lysosome is a dynamic and
complex process in which ubiquitin has a key regulatory role. The distinctive morphology of …

Memory reconsolidation is the process in which reactivated long-term memory (LTM)
becomes transiently sensitive to amnesic agents that are effective at consolidation. The …

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder associated with memories of
traumatic experiences. Conditioned fear memory, a representative model of traumatic …

Many studies have reported the roles played by regulated proteolysis in synaptic plasticity
and memory, but the role of autophagy in neurons remains unclear. In mammalian cells …

Memories are dynamic, rather than static, in nature. The reactivation of a memory through re-
exposure to salient training stimuli results in its destabilization, necessitating a …

Memories are not static imprints of past experience, but rather are dynamic entities which
enable us to predict outcomes of future situations and inform appropriate behaviours. In …

The postsynaptic density (PSD) is crucial for synaptic functions, but the molecular
architecture retaining its structure and components remains elusive. Homer and Shank are …

Memory reconsolidation has been demonstrated in various tasks and species, suggesting it
is a fundamental process. However, there are experimental parameters that can inhibit …

Synapses between neurons are malleable biochemical structures, strengthening and
diminishing over time dependent on the type of information they receive. This phenomenon …