Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are microvascular complications of
diabetes. Microvascular endothelial cells are thought to be the major targets of …

Exosomes are nanovesicles with a wide range of chemical compositions used in many
different applications. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-EXOs) are …

Cells can communicate through extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion and uptake. Exosomes
are lipid bilayer-enclosed EVs of 30–150 nm in diameter, which can transfer RNA, functional …

Dysregulated inflammation is a complicated pathological process involved in various
diseases, and the treatment of inflammation-linked disorders currently represents an …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially those involving a systemic inflammatory
process such as atherosclerosis, remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in …

Therapeutic angiogenesis is one promising strategy for the treatment of ischemic heart
disease, which is the leading cause of death globally. In recent years, extracellular vesicles …

With the ever-increasing burden of kidney disease, the need for developing new
therapeutics to manage this disease has never been greater. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) …

Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes are involved in mediating cell-cell communication
by shuttling an assortment of proteins and genetic information. Here, we tested whether …

In recent years, although the development of clinical therapy for diabetic kidney disease
(DKD) has made great progress, the progression of DKD still cannot be controlled …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known immune-modulators exerting a critical role in kidney
transplantation (KT). EV bioactive cargo includes graft antigens, costimulatory/inhibitory …