Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are both diagnostic markers for, and pathogenic drivers
of, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although the presence of aPL is a necessary pre …

Lupus vasculitis (LV) is one of the secondary vasculitides occurring in the setting of systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE) in approximately 50% of patients. It is most commonly …

The association between autoimmunity and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has
been appreciated for> 40 yrs, but how autoimmune injury might contribute to the …

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disorder mediated by antibodies to
aquaporin-4 (AQP4) with prominent blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in the acute phase …

Lupus mesenteric vasculitis (LMV) is a unique clinical entity found in patients who present
with gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus, and is the main cause …

Rationale: Severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (SPH) is a frequently lethal condition
characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and right heart strain or failure. SPH is also …

Systemic sclerosis (SS c) is a rare disorder of the connective tissue characterized by fibrosis
of the skin, skeletal muscles and visceral organs. Additional manifestations include …

Renal microvascular lesions, common in lupus nephritis (LN), are associated with long-term
poor outcomes. There are mainly five pathological types of renal microvascular lesions in …

Pathological eye involvement represents a quite common finding in a broad spectrum of
autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). Ocular signs, often occur as early manifestations …

The study was undertaken to evaluate clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with
lupus enteritis and to investigate its association with anti-endothelial cell antibodies …