Biowaste management is a challenging job as it is high in nutrient content and its disposal in
open may cause a serious environmental and health risk. Traditional technologies such as …

Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biopolyesters produced by microorganisms as
intracellular granules under nutrient stress. Due to non-toxic and biodegradable behavior …

Abstract Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer, synthesized as carbon
and energy reserve by bacteria and archaea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first …

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have been actively studied in academia and industry for
their properties comparable to petroleum-derived plastics and high biocompatibility …

The rising plastic pollution deteriorates the environment significantly as these petroleum-
based plastics are not biodegradable, and their production requires natural fuels (energy …

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biopolymers produced by microbial fermentation. They have
excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility, which are regarded as promising substitutes …

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are storage granules found in bacteria that are essentially
hydroxy fatty acid polyesters. PHA molecules appear in variety of structures, and amongst all …

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) have attracted the attention of many engineering fields and
offered excellent mechanical and physical properties as polymer reinforcement. However …

Background Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biopolymer formed by some microbes in
response to excess carbon sources or essential nutrient depletion. PHBs are entirely …

Waste cooking oils (WCO) are vegetable oils discarded after food frying and great amounts
are produced worldwide. Its management is a challenge, due to the environmental risk of …