Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can be synthesized from a variety of techniques including
physical, chemical and biological routes. They have been widely used as nanomaterials for …

Intraperitoneal (IP) route of drug administration in laboratory animals is a common practice
in many in vivo studies of disease models. While this route is an easy to master, quick …

Reproducible science requires transparent reporting. The ARRIVE guidelines (Animal
Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) were originally developed in 2010 to improve …

Improving the reproducibility of biomedical research is a major challenge. Transparent and
accurate reporting is vital to this process; it allows readers to assess the reliability of the …

Drug development is a long process whose main content includes drug synthesis, drug
delivery, and drug evaluation. Compared with conventional drug development procedures …

The substantial increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogenic bacteria is a major threat
to global health. Recently, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported …

Oral administration is the most commonly used route for drug delivery owing to its cost-
effectiveness, ease of administration, and high patient compliance. However, the absorption …

Glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol and corticosterone-CORT) are the effector hormones of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis neuroendocrine system. CORT is a systemic …

Plant derived phenolic compounds have been shown to inhibit the initiation and progression
of cancers by modulating genes regulating key processes such as:(a) oncogenic …

Preclinical Research & Development Appropriate translation and determination of the
maximum recommended starting dose in human is a vital task in new drug development and …