The fetus is exposed to many xenobiotic agents during pregnancy through placental drug
transfer; the infant is exposed through breastfeeding. The effects of the drugs on the fetus or …

Obstetricians play a major role in guiding the infant feeding choices of their pregnant
patients. The world literature continues to swell with reports and studies of the short-and …

A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS–MS) method for the
quantification of frequently used licit (caffeine, nicotine and cotinine) and illicit drugs …

Upper airway congestive symptoms during pregnancy have been recognized since the late
19th century (1). Among randomly selected pregnancies, as many as 18–30% of patients …

Most drugs are excreted into breast milk to some extent and are bioavailable to the infant.
The ability to predict the approximate amount of drug that might be present in milk from the …

Background: Breastfeeding is a major public health issue in terms of its benefits to both
mothers and infants. Despite recommendations, breastfeeding initiation and duration are …

Human milk is the best source of an infant's nutrition. Benefits include stimulating growth,
immunity, and neurobehavioral development, as well as protection against infection. It is …

The continuation of lithium while breastfeeding is a controversial topic, and clinical
recommendations vary. A systematic review was completed of available data on lithium and …

A pilot study was conducted to estimate the effects of a breast milk expression education and
support intervention on breast milk production outcomes in mothers of very and extremely …

There are many benefits of breast-feeding both for the infant and for the mother. Nursing
mothers who are also taking medications or exposed to environmental hazards may be …