MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a family of short non-coding regulatory RNA molecules that
are produced in a tissue and time-specific manner to orchestrate gene expression post …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise as therapeutic modalities due to their
endogenous characteristics, however, further bioengineering refinement is required to …

Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of blindness and chronic ulcers in the working age
population worldwide. Former research have found that differentially expressed circular …

Exosomes are nano‐sized bioactive vesicles of 30–150 nm in diameter. They are secreted
by exocytosis of nearly all type of cells in to the extracellular fluid. Thereby, they can be …

Macrophages are typically identified as classically activated (M1) macrophages and
alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, which respectively exhibit pro-and anti …

The biology of exosomes is a fascinating field of science that has attracted much attention
from clinical researchers due to the plethora of associated applications. These biological …

Exosomes, nanometer-sized lipid-bilayer-enclosed extracellular vesicles (EVs), have
attracted increasing attention due to their inherent ability to shuttle proteins, lipids and genes …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex autoimmune disorder that mainly affects
children and adolescents. The elevated blood glucose level of patients with T1DM results …

Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles belonging to endocytic origin. These vesicles
carry different biological cargo that play numerous physiological roles and is also indicative …

Liver cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poorly responds to
chemotherapeutics as there are no effective means to deliver the drugs to liver cancer. Here …