Ever since it was first used in armed conflict, mustard gas (sulfur mustard, MG) has been
known to cause a wide range of acute and chronic injuries to exposure victims. The earliest …

The potential for chemical weapons to be used in terrorism is a real possibility. Classes of
chemical weapons include nerve agents, vesicants (blister agents), choking agents …

Abstract Context: Sulfur mustard (SM), with an old manufacturing history still remains as
potential threat due to easy production and extensive effects. Objectives: Increasing studies …

Background Respiratory diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the
survivors exposed to Sulfur Mustard (SM). The late abnormalities can be present as chronic …

Sulfur mustard (SM; bis‐(2‐chlororethyl) sulfide) is a highly reactive, potent warfare agent
that has recently reemerged as a major threat to military and civilians. Exposure to SM is …

Introduction: Sulfur mustard (SM) is an extremely toxic gas used in chemical warfare to
cause massive lung injury and death. Victims exposed to SM gas acutely present with …

The most important long-term morbidity problem of sulfur mustard (SM) toxicity is pulmonary
complications but the pathogenesis of these complications is not clearly understood. This …

Exposure to lethal chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is no longer only a military issue due to
the terrorist threat. Among the CWAs of concern are the organophosphorus nerve agent O …

Background: Sulfur mustard (SM)-induced airway injuries and chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) are characterized by chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract and share …

Background: Sulfur mustard (SM)–a chemical agent–has both acute and chronic effects on
skin. Xerosis, which is deemed to be due to the damage of hydrolipidic barrier of the skin, is …