Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as ectosomes and exosomes have gained attention as
promising natural carriers for drug delivery. Exosomes, which range from 30 to 100 nm in …

We designed a unique nanocapsule for efficient single CRISPR-Cas9 capsuling,
noninvasive brain delivery and tumor cell targeting, demonstrating an effective and safe …

Effective drug delivery and prevention of postoperative recurrence are significant challenges
for current glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. Poor drug delivery is mainly due to the presence …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interface responsible for maintaining the central
nervous system homeostasis. Its unique characteristics allow protecting the brain from …

The main limitation to the success of central nervous system (CNS) therapies lies in the
difficulty for drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and reach the brain. Regarding its …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) strictly controls matter exchange between blood and brain, and
severely limits brain penetration of systemically administered drugs, resulting in ineffective …

The presence of barriers, such as the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and brain–tumor barrier
(BTB), limits the penetration of antineoplastic drugs into the brain, resulting in poor response …

In the development of central nervous system (CNS) drugs, the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
restricts many drugs from entering the brain to exert therapeutic effects. Although many …

Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive degenerative conditions characterized by the
functional deterioration and ultimate loss of neurons. These incurable and debilitating …