Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 10% of the world population and leads to
excess morbidity and mortality (with cardiovascular disease as a leading cause of death) …

Elucidating the mechanism of the osteogenic phenotypic transdifferentiation of vascular
smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is the key to determining the diagnosis and treatment of …

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects more than 230 million people worldwide. PAD
patients suffer from reduced quality of life and are at increased risk of vascular complications …

The accumulation of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a key pathological feature of
chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of IS on ferroptosis and the role of IS-related …

Vascular calcification, characterized by the active deposition of calcium phosphate in the
vascular walls, is commonly observed in aging, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney …

Introduction Vascular calcification (VC) is high prevalent and predicts cardiovascular
mortality in dialysis patients. The mechanisms are not known clearly. Trimethylamine-N …

Bile acids play a crucial role in promoting intestinal nutrient absorption and biliary
cholesterol excretion, thereby protecting the liver from cholesterol accumulation and bile …

Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the global leading causes of morbidity
and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Vascular calcification (VC) is a major …

Aim Retinal vessel diameters are candidate biomarkers of mortality prediction in large
population-based studies. We aimed to investigate the predictive value of retinal vessel …

Hyperphosphatemia is present in most patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and
has been associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Phosphate binders (calcium …