Background: Over the last decades, remarkable progresses have been accomplished
regarding the understanding of the neurophysiologic and neuropharmacological bases of …

The musculoskeletal orofacial pain is a complex symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD)
resulting in stomatognathic system dysfunctions aggravated by the disease rigidity and …

The research and clinical application of the noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technique
in the treatment of neuropathic pain (NP) are increasing. In this review article, we outline the …

Objective To investigate whether structural changes are present in the cortical and
subcortical gray matter of the brains of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods We …

Previous work in animals has shown that dopamine (DA) in cortex and striatum plays an
essential role in stress processing. For the first time, we systematically reviewed the in vivo …

Background Current pain management is limited, in particular, with regard to chronic pain. In
an attempt to discover novel analgesics, we combined the approach developed to …

Sensory and emotional systems normally interact in a manner that optimizes an organism's
ability to survive using conscious and unconscious processing. Pain and analgesia are …

Objectives Central poststroke pain (CPSP), a neuropathic pain condition, is difficult to treat.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeted to the primary motor cortex (M1) …

We tested whether variation of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene contributes to
individual differences in thermal pain sensitivity and analgesic efficacy of repetitive …

Here we review the literature assessing the roles of the brain dopaminergic and
serotonergic systems in the modulation of pain as revealed by in vivo human studies using …