Brain tumors, although rare, contribute to distinct mortality and morbidity at all ages.
Although there are few therapeutic options for brain tumors, enhanced biological …

The influence of the microenvironment on tumour progression is becoming clearer. In this
Review we address the role of an essential signalling pathway, that of transforming growth …

Many drugs that target transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signalling have been developed,
some of which have reached Phase III clinical trials for a number of disease applications …

Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway of numerous progressive kidney diseases, and
transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has an important role in tissue fibrosis by up-regulating …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive brain cancer, recurs because
glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are resistant to all standard therapies. We showed that …

Despite maximal surgical and medical therapy, the treatment of glioblastoma remains a
seriously vexing problem, with median survival well under 2 years and few long-term …

Therapeutic vaccines represent a viable option for active immunotherapy of cancers that aim
to treat late stage disease by using a patient's own immune system. The promising results …

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) plays multiple homeostatic roles in the regulation of
inflammation, proliferation, differentiation and would healing of various tissues. Many studies …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) regulates cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis,
cell motility, extracellular matrix production, angiogenesis, and cellular immunity. It has a …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling regulates multiple physiological processes,
such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune homeostasis, and wound healing. Besides …