Transcription and translation are fundamental cellular processes that govern the protein
production of cells. These processes are generally up regulated in cancer cells, to maintain …

The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a crucial cytokine that get increasing concern
in recent years to treat human diseases. This signal controls multiple cellular responses …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) is part of the transforming growth factor β superfamily
which is involved in many physiological processes and closely related to the …

Within the last decade, the introduction of checkpoint inhibitors proposed to boost the
patients' anti-tumor immune response has proven the efficacy of immunotherapeutic …

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous
system. Despite new insights into glioblastoma pathophysiology, the prognosis for patients …

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Late-
stage diagnosis with significant tumor burden, accompanied by recurrence and …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a cytokine with a key role in tissue homeostasis and
cancer. TGF-β elicits both tumor suppressive and tumor promoting functions during cancer …

Anti-angiogenic therapy has become an important component in the treatment of many solid
tumors given the importance of adequate blood supply for tumor growth and metastasis …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent tumor types in Western countries.
Approximately 20% of patients show metastasis at the time of diagnosis, with the liver being …

Malignant gliomas are the most frequently occurring, devastating primary brain tumors, and
are coupled with a poor survival rate. Despite the fact that complete neurosurgical resection …