The procurement and management of nutrients and ability to fight infections are fundamental
requirements for survival. These defense responses are bioenergetically costly, requiring …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate lipid peroxidation and produce 4-hydroxynonenal
and other related products, which play an important role in the process of cell death …

Cancer cells alter metabolic processes to sustain their characteristic uncontrolled growth
and proliferation. These metabolic alterations include (1) a shift from oxidative …

To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of
attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by …

Disordered metabolic states, which are characterised by hypoxia and elevated levels of
metabolites, particularly lactate, contribute to the immunosuppression in the tumour …

The tumor microenvironment is proposed to contribute substantially to the progression of
cancers, including breast cancer. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most …

Immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming are two fundamental hallmarks of cancer.
Interestingly, lactate closely links them together. However, lactate has long been recognized …

It is well established that multifactorial drug resistance hinders successful cancer treatment.
Tumor cell interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial in epithelial …

Acetate metabolism is an important metabolic pathway in many cancers and is controlled by
acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of acetate to …

Adipocytes are one of the primary stromal cells in many tissues, and they are considered to
play an active role in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) …