Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DDP-IV) Inhibitors may represent single anti-diabetic
drugs, the multiple actions of which may translate into demonstrable therapeutic benefits in …

Background: Obese insulin-resistance is one of the most important risk factor for
cardiovascular diseases including ischemic heart disease (IHD). Growing evidences …

Aims Comparative efficacy between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and vildagliptin on
metabolic regulation, cardiac mitochondrial function, heart rate variability (HRV), and left …

In front of the failure to translate from bench to bedside cardioprotective drugs against
myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, research scientists are currently revising their animal …

Myocardial damage and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by cardiac ischemia-reperfusion
(I/R) injury are intensified by endogenous estrogen deprivation. Although N-acetylcysteine …

We have investigated the effects of serotonin depletion on immune-mediated activation of
the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA …

Objective: Cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) caused an oxidative burst, increased
beta-amyloid production, and decreased dendritic spine density in the brain. However, the …

Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common clinical problem involving oxidative
stress and gap junction protein defects. Abscisic acid (ABS), a phytohormone regulating …

Background: It is well documented that sevoflurane postconditioning (SP) has a significant
myocardial protection effect. However, the mechanisms underlying SP are still unclear. In …

TGF-ß exert strong and various effects on several different cell functional types and are
implicated in a wide variety of biological cell developmental processes for example …