Transformed cells adapt metabolism to support tumor initiation and progression. Specific
metabolic activities can participate directly in the process of transformation or support the …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) mediate adaptive physiological responses to hypoxia. In
human cancers that are accessible for O 2 electrode measurements, intratumoral hypoxia is …

Cytokines are key components of the immune system and play pivotal roles in anticancer
immune response. Cytokines as either therapeutic agents or targets hold clinical promise for …

Background Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving dialysis have been
reported to have increased risk of cancer. However, contemporary cancer burden estimates …

Erythropoietin (EPO), the main hemopoietic hormone synthesized by the kidney as well as
by the liver in fetal life, is implicated in mammalian erythropoiesis. Production and secretion …

Erythropoietin (EPO), a humoral regulator of erythropoiesis and replacement therapy for
selected red blood cell disorders in EPO-deficient patients, has been implicated in a wide …

Until 1990, erythropoietin (EPO) was considered to have a single biological purpose and
action, the stimulation of red blood cell growth and differentiation. Slowly, scientific and …

Erythropoietin (Epo) is an essential hormone that binds and activates the Epo receptor
(EpoR) resident on the surface of erythroid progenitor cells, thereby promoting …

In addition to its regulatory function in the formation of red blood cells (erythropoiesis) in
vertebrates, Erythropoietin (Epo) contributes to beneficial functions in a variety of non …

The role of erythropoietin (Epo) and Epo/Epo receptor (EpoR) signaling pathways for
production of red blood cells are well established. However, little is known about Epo/EpoR …