Trained immunity is a functional state of the innate immune response and is characterized
by long-term epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells. This concept originated in …

Naringenin is an important phytochemical which belongs to the flavanone group of
polyphenols, and is found mainly in citrus fruits like grapefruits and others such as tomatoes …

Cuproptosis is a novel copper ion-dependent cell death type being regulated in cells, and
this is quite different from the common cell death patterns such as apoptosis, pyroptosis …

Summary Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an experimental vaccine
designed to protect cattle from bovine tuberculosis, was administered for the first time to a …

Background Disulfidptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death. However, its biological
mechanisms in bladder cancer (BCa) are yet to be understood. Methods Disulfidptosis …

Here, we provide a brief overview of the approaches and strategies underlying bacteria-
based cancer immunotherapy (BCiT). We also describe and summarize research in the field …

Cancer stem-like cells (CSC) play pivotal roles in both chemoresistance and recurrence of
many cancer types, including urothelial bladder cancer (UBC). In addition to intrinsic …

Background Dysregulation of the epitranscriptome causes abnormal expression of
oncogenes in the tumorigenic process. Previous studies have shown that NAT10 can …

Downregulating programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) protein levels in tumor cells is an
effective way to achieve immune system activation for oncology treatment, but current …

The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy largely depends on the tumor microenvironment,
especially the tumor immune microenvironment. Emerging studies have claimed that …