Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is an emerging and rapidly spreading RNA virus
that infects tomato and pepper, with tomato as the primary host. The virus causes severe …

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) has led to an unprecedented effort toward the development of an effective …

Genome-editing technologies using CRISPR–Cas nucleases have revolutionized plant
science and hold enormous promise in crop improvement. Conventional transgene …

Plant gene editing is typically performed by delivering reagents such as Cas9 and single
guide RNAs to explants in culture. Edited cells are then induced to differentiate into whole …

Although nanomaterials (NMs) may inhibit viral pathogens, the mechanisms governing plant–
virus–nanomaterial interactions remain unknown. Nicotiana benthamiana plants were …

Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors play a critical role in
defence against pathogens in plants and animals. However, we know very little about NLR …

Plant natural products (PNPs) are specialized metabolites with diverse bioactivities. They
are extensively used in the pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical and food industries. PNPs are …

Nicotiana benthamiana is an invaluable model plant and biotechnology platform with a~ 3
Gb allotetraploid genome. To further improve its usefulness and versatility, we have …

The initiation of RNA interference (RNAi) by topically applied small interfering RNA has
potential applications for plant functional genomics, crop improvement and crop protection …

Genome editing techniques are being used to modify plant breeding, which might increase
food production sustainably by 2050. A product made feasible by genome editing is …