Purpose: Parkinson's disease is among the most common of the motor-based progressive
neurologic disorders. This article provides a review of the motor, cognitive, sensory …

Neuroscientific concepts of language mostly focus on distributed networks, comprising
various cortical areas that operate distinct linguistic processes. The role of subcortical …

Objective Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is a useful therapy
to improve motor functions and reduce dependence on medication in patients with …

Disorders affecting the basal ganglia can have a severe effect on speech motor control. The
effect can vary depending on the pathophysiology of the basal ganglia disease but in …

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a standard surgical treatment method which is
generally applied to subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's patients in cases where medical …

Individuals with vocal tremor complain of rhythmic fluctuations in vocal loudness and pitch
that give the impression of a tremulous voice. Severe vocal tremor can cause rhythmic vocal …

Investigators and clinicians have long sought to apply acoustic analysis to track changes in
voice quality in Parkinson disease (PD), in order to evaluate or document treatment effects …

Although the majority of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) develop characteristics of
hypokinetic dysarthria during the course of the disease, there is no known treatment that …

Purpose Effects of clicks and tonebursts on early and late auditory middle latency response
(AMLR) components were evaluated in young and older cigarette smokers and nonsmokers …