Direct and indirect pathways of basal ganglia: a critical reappraisal
The basal ganglia are subcortical nuclei controlling voluntary actions and have been
implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). The prevailing model of basal ganglia function …
implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). The prevailing model of basal ganglia function …
[HTML][HTML] Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
W Schultz - Journal of neurophysiology, 1998 - journals.physiology.org
Abstract Schultz, Wolfram. Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons. J. Neurophysiol.
80: 1–27, 1998. The effects of lesions, receptor blocking, electrical self-stimulation, and …
80: 1–27, 1998. The effects of lesions, receptor blocking, electrical self-stimulation, and …
Cortico-basal ganglia reward network: microcircuitry
SR Sesack, AA Grace - Neuropsychopharmacology, 2010 - nature.com
Many of the brain's reward systems converge on the nucleus accumbens, a region richly
innervated by excitatory, inhibitory, and modulatory afferents representing the circuitry …
innervated by excitatory, inhibitory, and modulatory afferents representing the circuitry …
The basal ganglia: focused selection and inhibition of competing motor programs
JW Mink - Progress in neurobiology, 1996 - Elsevier
The basal ganglia comprise several nuclei in the forebrain, diencephalon, and midbrain
thought to play a significant role in the control of posture and movement. It is well recognized …
thought to play a significant role in the control of posture and movement. It is well recognized …
Functional anatomy of the basal ganglia. I. The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop
A Parent, LN Hazrati - Brain research reviews, 1995 - Elsevier
This paper reviews some of the recent findings on different aspects of the anatomical
organization of the basal ganglia. Attempts have been made to delineate the anatomical …
organization of the basal ganglia. Attempts have been made to delineate the anatomical …
Phasic versus tonic dopamine release and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: a hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia
AA Grace - Neuroscience, 1991 - Elsevier
A novel mechanism for regulating dopamine activity in subcortical sites and its possible
relevance to schizophrenia is proposed. This hypothesis is based on the regulation of …
relevance to schizophrenia is proposed. This hypothesis is based on the regulation of …
Microcircuitry of the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia.
Our understanding of the organization of the basal ganglia has advanced markedly over the
last 10 years, mainly due to increased knowledge of their anatomical, neurochemical and …
last 10 years, mainly due to increased knowledge of their anatomical, neurochemical and …
Synaptic organisation of the basal ganglia
JP Bolam, JJ Hanley, PAC Booth… - The Journal of Anatomy, 2000 - cambridge.org
The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei involved in a variety of processes
including motor, cognitive and mnemonic functions. One of their major roles is to integrate …
including motor, cognitive and mnemonic functions. One of their major roles is to integrate …
[PDF][PDF] Brain reward circuitry: insights from unsensed incentives
RA Wise - Neuron, 2002 - cell.com
The natural incentives that shape behavior reach the central circuitry of motivation trans-
synaptically, via the five senses, whereas the laboratory rewards of intracranial stimulation …
synaptically, via the five senses, whereas the laboratory rewards of intracranial stimulation …
Striatal dopamine release induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human motor cortex
Brain dopamine is implicated in the regulation of movement, attention, reward and learning.
Dysfunction of dopamine plays a role in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and drug …
Dysfunction of dopamine plays a role in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and drug …