Objectives Perivascular spaces have been involved in neuroinflammatory and
neurodegenerative diseases. Upon a certain size, these spaces can become visible on …

The glymphatic system is responsible for waste clearance in the brain. It is comprised of
perivascular spaces (PVS) that surround penetrating blood vessels. These spaces are filled …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A global decrease in brain perfusion has recently been
reported during exposure to a ground-based spaceflight analog. Considering that CSF and …

This study was designed to examine the feasibility of analyzing heart rate variability (HRV)
data from repeat-flier astronauts at matching days on two separate missions to assess any …

A team of experts on the effects of the spaceflight environment on the brain and eye (SANS:
Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome) was convened by NASA and ESA to (1) …

Spaceflight induces widespread changes in human brain morphology. It is unclear if these
brain changes differ with varying mission duration or spaceflight experience history (ie …

During long-duration spaceflight, astronauts experience headward fluid shifts and
expansion of the cerebral perivascular spaces (PVS). A major limitation to our …

Blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is recognized as the “signature injury” of the
Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Sleep disruption, mTBI, and neuroinflammation have been …

Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) alters the vision of astronauts during
long-duration spaceflights. Previously, the current authors have discussed the similarities …

Long-duration spaceflight poses a variety of health risks to astronauts, largely resulting from
extended exposure to microgravity and radiation. Here, we assessed the prevalence and …