Light-activated, photosensitizer-based therapies have been established as safe modalities
of tumour ablation for numerous cancer indications. Two main approaches are available …

The purpose of this review is to present the current state of the role of imaging in
photodynamic therapy (PDT). For the reader to fully appreciate the context of the discussions …

STRUCTURE OF THE GUIDELINES The original guidelines described the management of
oesophageal and gastric cancer within existing practice. This paper updates the guidance to …

Over the past three decades, various photosensitive nanoparticles have been developed as
potential therapies in human health, ranging from photodynamic therapy technologies that …

Light has been employed in the treatment of disease since antiquity. Many ancient
civilizations utilized phototherapy, but it was not until early last century that this form of …

Abbreviations: ACF, aberrant crypt foci; ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid; AIS4PC, tetrasulfonated
chloroaluminum phthalocyanine; antiCEA MoAb, anticarcinoembryonic antigen; BBC, basal …

Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss the
safety and side effects of PDT. Identify appropriate indications for PDT. Explain the choice of …

Background & Aims: In view of the mortality and morbidity rates of esophagectomy and the
relatively large group of inoperable patients, local therapeutic techniques are required for …

Background: Few pancreatic cancers are suitable for surgery and few respond to
chemoradiation. Photodynamic therapy produces local necrosis of tissue with light after prior …

Survival of esophageal cancer is improving but remains poor. Esophageal cancer stage is
based on depth of tumor invasion, involvement of regional lymph nodes, and the presence …