Postnatal development includes dramatic changes in gonadal hormones and the many
social behaviors they help regulate, both in rodents and humans. Parental care-seeking is …

In recent decades, human sociocultural changes have increased the numbers of fathers that
are involved in direct caregiving in Western societies. This trend has led to a resurgence of …

The variation and taxonomic diversity among mammalian gut microbiomes raises several
questions about the factors that contribute to the rates and patterns of change in these …

The Parental Brain: Mechanisms, Development, and Evolution presents a comprehensive
analysis of how the brain regulates parental behavior in nonhuman animals and in humans …

Considerable evidence suggests that the steroid hormone testosterone mediates major life-
history trade-offs in vertebrates, promoting mating effort at the expense of parenting effort or …

Allomothering, the caregiving to offspring by adults other than the biological mother
including fathers and other group members, has characterized human societies throughout …

Maternal interactions with young occupy most of the reproductive period for female
mammals and are absolutely essential for offspring survival and development. The …

Highlights•Paternal care is associated with hormonal changes in rodents, primates and
humans.•Paternal behavior depends on similar neural systems as maternal …

Rapid testosterone fluctuations in response to social stimuli are observed across a wide
range of species, and the highly conserved nature of these fluctuations suggests an …

With the growing involvement of fathers in childrearing and the application of neuroscientific
tools to research on parenting, there is a need to understand how a father's brain and …