Depression is the most common type of neuropsychiatric illness and has increasingly
become a major cause of disability. Unfortunately, the recent global pandemic of COVID-19 …

This review provides an overview of the synaptic dysfunctions of neuronal circuits and
underlying neurochemical alterations observed in the hyperkinetic movement disorders …

PDE10A, a phosphodiesterase that inactivates both cAMP and cGMP, is a unique signaling
molecule in being highly and nearly exclusively expressed in striatal medium spiny neurons …

The dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) has a predominant expression in the prefrontal cortex
(PFC), brain area strictly involved in the modulation of reward processes related to both food …

Adenosine, acting both through G-protein coupled adenosine receptors and intracellularly,
plays a complex role in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes by …

Acute caffeine intake has been found to increase working memory (WM)-related brain
activity in healthy adults without improving behavioral performances. The impact of daily …

It is now generally accepted that astrocytes are active players in synaptic transmission, so
that a neurocentric perspective of the integrative signal communication in the central …

The heteroreceptor complexes present a novel biological principle for signal integration.
These complexes and their allosteric receptor–receptor interactions are bidirectional and …

Adenosine and dopamine interact antagonistically in living mammals. These interactions are
mediated via adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors (R). Stimulation of A2AR inhibits …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a superfamily of proteins classically described as
monomeric transmembrane (TM) receptors. However, increasing evidence indicates that …