The first matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) was discovered in 1962 from the tail of a tadpole by
its ability to degrade collagen. As their name suggests, matrix metalloproteinases are …

Simple Summary MMP9, due to its proteolytic activity, plays a key role in tumorigenesis by
regulating migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and survival of cancer cells …

Gonadal development is a complex process that involves sex determination followed by
divergent maturation into either testes or ovaries. Historically, limited tissue accessibility, a …

Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAP) is a type-II transmembrane serine protease expressed
almost exclusively to pathological conditions including fibrosis, arthritis, and cancer. Across …

Nanoparticles have been widely used in tumor targeted drug delivery, while the antitumor
effects are not always satisfactory due to the limited penetration and retention. As we all …

The skeleton is a dynamic organ that is constantly remodeled. Proteins secreted from bone
cells, namely osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts exert regulation on …

The bone is an essential organ for locomotion and protection of the body, as well as
hematopoiesis and mineral homeostasis. In order to exert these functions throughout life …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in
adults over 50 years old. Genetic, epidemiological, and molecular studies are beginning to …

The pursuit of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors began in earnest over three
decades ago. Initial clinical trials were disappointing, resulting in a negative view of MMPs …

In addition to their conventional role as a conduit system for gases, nutrients, waste products
or cells, blood vessels in the skeletal system play active roles in controlling multiple aspects …