Background The changing prevalence and patterns of tobacco use, the advent of novel
nicotine delivery devices, and the development of new biomarkers prompted an update of …

Smokers of any age can reap substantial health benefits by quitting. In fact, no other single
public health effort is likely to achieve a benefit comparable to large-scale smoking …

Background Substantial variability exists in therapeutic response and adverse effects with
pharmacotherapies for tobacco dependence. Biomarkers to optimise treatment choice for …

The cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) enzyme metabolizes several clinically relevant
substrates, including nicotine—the primary psychoactive component in cigarette smoke. The …

Nicotine is the key addictive constituent of tobacco. It is not a carcinogen, but it drives
smoking and the continued exposure to the many carcinogens present in tobacco. The …

Accurate and reliable measurements of exposure to tobacco products are essential for
identifying and confirming patterns of tobacco product use and for assessing their potential …

Individuals with fast nicotine metabolism typically smoke more and thus have a greater risk
for smoking-induced diseases. Further, the efficacy of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy …

Background: The ratio of 3′ hydroxycotinine to cotinine, or nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR),
is strongly associated with CYP2A6 genotype, CYP2A6-mediated nicotine and cotinine …

Disruptive technologies are changing the car insurance sector, with behavioral and adaptive
impacts for individuals as well as organizations. An innovative factor in this industry is …

Background Black-white differences in smoking abstinence are not well understood. This
trial sought to confirm previously reported differences in quitting between blacks and whites …