Tremendous innovation is underway among a rapidly expanding repertoire of promising
personalized immune-based treatments. Therapeutic cancer vaccines (TCVs) are attractive …

In recent years, multiple strategies for eliciting anti-tumor immunity have been developed in
different clinical studies. Currently, immunotherapy was clinically validated as effective …

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is recognized as a promising approach for cancer theranostics
via the nonradiative conversion of light into heat energy. PTT treatment is able to reduce the …

Purpose: Blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis emerged as a promising new therapeutic option
for cancer that has resulted in lasting responses in metastatic renal, lung carcinomas, and …

Cancer–testis (CT) antigens are potential targets for cancer immunotherapy because of their
restricted expression in immune-privileged germ cells and various malignancies. Current …

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor. There is increasing
evidence of the role of tumor lymphocytic immune infiltrates in this subtype of breast cancer …

Aggressive tumour cells share many characteristics with embryonic progenitors, contributing
to the conundrum of tumour cell plasticity. Recent studies using embryonic models of human …

Tumors evolve mechanisms to escape immune control by a process called immune editing,
which provides a selective pressure in the tumor microenvironment that could lead to …

Autoantibodies against autologus tumor‐associated antigens have been detected in the
asymptomatic stage of cancer and can thus serve as biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis …

Chemokines, a superfamilly of small cytokine-like molecules, regulate leukocyte transport in
the body. In recent years, we have witnessed the transition of immunotherapeutic strategies …