Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment paradigm for many malignancies
and is transforming the drug development landscape. Although immunotherapeutic agents …

Mast cells have existed long before the development of adaptive immunity, although they
have been given different names. Thus, in the marine urochordate Styela plicata, they have …

All transcription factors are equal, but some are more equal than others. In the 25 yr since
the gene encoding the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) was first …

Despite the considerable efficacy observed when targeting a dispensable lineage antigen,
such as CD19 in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia,, the broader applicability of adoptive …

The RAS/MAP kinase and the RAS/PI3K/AKT pathways play a key role in the regulation of
proliferation, differentiation and survival. The induction of these pathways depends on …

Tetraspanins are molecular scaffolds that distribute proteins into highly organized
microdomains consisting of adhesion, signaling, and adaptor proteins. Many reports have …

Smooth muscles are complex tissues containing a variety of cells in addition to muscle cells.
Interstitial cells of mesenchymal origin interact with and form electrical connectivity with …

IBD syndromes such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis result from the inflammation of
specific intestinal segments. Although many studies have reported on the regenerative …

Targeting oncogenic kinase drivers with small-molecule inhibitors can have marked
therapeutic benefit, especially when administered to an appropriate genomically defined …

Chemokines, which have chemotactic abilities, are comprised of a family of small cytokines
with 8-10 kilodaltons. Chemokines work in immune cells by trafficking and regulating cell …