Recent clinical trials have shown several multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to be
effective in the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, these TKIs have a number of targets …

Lung mast cells are important in host defense, and excessive proliferation or activation of
these cells can cause chronic inflammatory disorders like asthma. Two parallel pathways …

The discovery in 1987/1988 and 1990 of the cell surface receptor KIT and its ligand, stem
cell factor (SCF), was a critical achievement in efforts to understand the development and …

Stem cell therapy may replace lost photoreceptors and preserve residual photoreceptors
during retinal degeneration (RD). Unfortunately, the degenerative microenvironment …

Compared with traditional therapies, targeted therapy has merits in selectivity, efficacy, and
tolerability. Small molecule inhibitors are one of the primary targeted therapies for cancer …

Ex vivo autologous hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy has provided new therapies
for the treatment of hematological disorders. However, these therapies have several …

Stroke represents a severe medical condition that causes stroke survivors to suffer from long-
term and even lifelong disability. Over the past several decades, a vast majority of stroke …

The concept of a “cancer stem cell” has evolved over the past decades, and research on
cancer stem cell biology has entered into a stage of remarkable progress. Cancer stem cells …

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) initiating and sustaining cells maintain high cell-surface
similarity with their cells-of-origin, ie, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), and …

The receptor tyrosine kinase KIT and its ligand stem cell factor (SCF) are required for the
development of hematopoietic stem cells, germ cells, and other cells. A variety of human …