The centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes
from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is classified into five stages with kidney failure being the most
severe stage (stage G5). CKD conveys a high risk for coronary artery disease, heart failure …

Patients with chronic kidney disease are at substantial risk for malnutrition, characterized by
protein energy wasting and micronutrient deficiency. Studies show a high prevalence rate of …

Protein synthesis and degradation are dynamically regulated processes that act in concert to
control the accretion or loss of muscle mass. The present article focuses on the mechanisms …

Metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD)
development. Insulin resistance (IR) plays a central role in the metabolic syndrome and is …

Statins not only reduce levels of LDL-cholesterol, they counteract the inflammatory changes
associated with acute coronary syndrome and improve survival. Similarly, in patients …

Cellular metabolic changes during chronic kidney disease (CKD) may induce higher
production of oxygen radicals that play a significant role in the progression of renal damage …

Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development and progression of chronic kidney
disease and one of the emerging reasons for end-stage renal disease owing to its dramatic …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) perturbs the crosstalk with others organs, with the interaction
between the kidneys and the heart having been studied most intensively. However, a …

Cushing's syndrome is defined by prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids, leading to excess
morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of this rare pathology is difficult due to the low specificity …