Introduction: Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome and related metabolites have been
observed in chronic kidney disease, yet their roles in idiopathic membranous nephropathy …

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune disease of the kidney glomerulus and
one of the leading causes of nephrotic syndrome. The disease exhibits heterogenous …

Introduction Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most common cause of nephrotic
syndrome in Caucasian adults. Phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R)–and exostosin 1 …

Most patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) have IgG4 autoantibodies
against phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). C3 and C5b-9 are found in immune deposits of …

Membranous nephropathy is a noninflammatory autoimmune disease of the kidney
glomerulus, characterized by the formation of immune deposits, complement-mediated …

Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease of the
kidney glomerulus. It may gradually progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) …

Background Complement activation plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of primary
membranous nephropathy (pMN). C5b-9, C3c, MBL, and factor B have been documented in …

5‐Fluorouracil (5‐Fu) is efficient for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, but fast‐
emerging resistance limits its usage. Curcumin is being investigated for its potential …

Podocytes are epithelial cells adhering glomerular capillaries, which regulate the integrity of
glomerular filtration barrier. Irreversible podocyte injury induces glomerular inflammation …

Glomerulonephritis (GN) refers to a group of renal diseases affecting the glomeruli due to
the damage mediated by immunological mechanisms. A large proportion of the disease …