Ischemic disorders, such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease,
are the most common causes of debilitating disease and death in westernized cultures. The …

Disorders characterized by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), such as myocardial infarction, stroke,
and peripheral vascular disease, continue to be among the most frequent causes of …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the leading cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. A well-monitored diet with a sufficient intake of fruits and vegetables has been …

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and other forms
of ischemic brain injury. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammatory response is a …

Cardiac hypertrophy can be defined as an increase in heart mass. Pathological cardiac
hypertrophy (heart growth that occurs in settings of disease, eg hypertension) is a key risk …

Among the myriad of intracellular signaling networks that govern the cardiac development
and pathogenesis, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are prominent players that …

The molecular details of mammalian stress-activated signal transduction pathways have
only begun to be dissected. This, despite the fact that the impact of these pathways on the …

Mammalian p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated by a wide range
of cellular stresses as well as in response to inflammatory cytokines. There are four …

▪ Abstract Cardiac hypertrophy is the heart's response to a variety of extrinsic and intrinsic
stimuli that impose increased biomechanical stress. While hypertrophy can eventually …

The p38 signalling transduction pathway, a Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase
pathway, plays an essential role in regulating many cellular processes including …