Sex/gender effects have been demonstrated for multiple aspects of addiction, with one of the
most commonly cited examples being the “telescoping effect” where women meet criteria …

Cocaine is one of the most consumed stimulants throughout the world, as official sources
report. It is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic tropane alkaloid derived from the leaves …

Cocaine is one of the most consumed stimulants throughout the world, as official sources
report. It is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic tropane alkaloid derived from the leaves …

Dopaminergic neurons projecting from the Substantia Nigra to the Striatum play a critical
role in motor functions while dopaminergic neurons originating in the Ventral Tegmental …

Drug addiction is a devastating disorder with a huge economic and social burden for
modern society. Although an individual may slip into drug abuse throughout his/her life …

Highlights Eutylone induced dose-dependent CTA and CPP. MDMA pre-exposure
attenuated eutylone-induced CTA, but it did not impact eutylone-induced CPP. Cocaine pre …

Cocaine is one of the most consumed stimulants throughout the world, as official sources
report. It is a naturally occurring sympathomimetic tropane alkaloid derived from the leaves …

Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to produce beneficial effects in addiction
disorders; however, due to its configurational complexity, the underlying mechanisms are …

Abstract α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP, Flakka) is a synthetic cathinone that is highly
addictive and poses serious risks to the user's mental and physical health. Despite these …

The ability to adapt to environmental rewards is crucial for survival. Animals must identify
rewards and direct their behavior to acquire them, while differentiating aversive stimuli …