Although most patients with chronic pain are women, the preclinical literature regarding pain
processing and the pathophysiology of chronic pain has historically been derived …

Executive summary Every infant, child, and adolescent will experience pain at times
throughout their life. Childhood pain ranges from acute to chronic, and includes procedural …

Long overlooked in neuroscience research, sex and gender are increasingly included as
key variables potentially impacting all levels of neurobehavioral analysis. Still, many …

Abstract Purpose of Review The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its chronic
complications are increasing to epidemic proportions. This will unfortunately result in …

Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain disorders are some of the most prevalent and disabling chronic
pain conditions worldwide. These chronic conditions have a considerable impact on the …

Pain is an immense clinical and societal challenge, and the key to understanding and
treating it is variability. Robust interindividual differences are consistently observed in pain …

African Americans disproportionately suffer more severe and debilitating morbidity from
chronic pain than do non-Hispanic Whites. These differences may arise from differential …

Purpose Optimal postoperative pain management remains a significant problem despite the
availability of multiple preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative pain management …

Objective Accurate assessment of pain is central to diagnosis and treatment in healthcare,
especially in pediatrics. However, few studies have examined potential biases in adult …

The effect of the detailed connectivity of a neural circuit on its function and the resulting
behavior of the organism is a key question in many neural systems. Here, we study the …