The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
(VEGFR) axis is indispensable in the process of angiogenesis and has been implicated as a …

Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles secreted from almost all types of normal and
cancer cells. Collective evidence suggests that exosomes participate in cell–cell …

Protein complexes are responsible for the enactment of most cellular functions. For the
protein complex to form and function, its subunits often need to be present at defined …

Drug repurposing has attracted increased attention, especially in the context of drug
discovery rates that remain too low despite a recent wave of approvals for biological …

Angiogenesis—the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels—has drawn
significant attention in medical research. New techniques have been developed to control …

Background Angiogenesis is important in physiological and pathological conditions, as
blood vessels provide nutrients and oxygen needed for tissue growth and survival …

Interfering with interactions of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) with their
receptors (VEGFRs) effectively inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. We designed an …

Macrophages are highly plastic immune cells that dynamically integrate microenvironmental
signals to shape their own functional phenotypes, a process known as polarization. Here we …

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors
(VEGFR) and their downstream signaling pathways are promising targets in anti-angiogenic …

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its binding to VEGFRs is an important
angiogenesis regulator, especially the earliest-known isoform, VEGF-A165a. Yet several …