BACKGROUND Spermatozoa acquire their motility and fertilizing abilities during their
maturation through the epididymis. This process is controlled by epididymal epithelial cells …

The male reproductive system consists of testes, a series of ducts connecting the testes to
the external urethral orifice, accessory sex glands, and the penis. Spermatogonial stem cells …

This article will review the embryological development of the testicles. However, to
understand the embryology of the testicles, it is essential to have a basic understanding of …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been an ongoing pandemic and worldwide public health …

The Wolffian duct (WD) is an embryonic tissue that undergoes androgen-induced
morphological changes to become the epididymis. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-and nuclear …

Whey-acidic protein four-disulfide core domain (WFDC) genes display putative roles in
innate immunity and fertility. In mice, a locus on chromosome 2 contains 5 and 11 Wfdc …

In mammals, β-defensins have been reported to play pivotal roles in sperm protection and
fertilization. However, the function and mechanism of porcine β-defensin 129 (pBD129) in …

Objective The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in male infertility.
Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic role of Thiolutin (THL), an inhibitor of the …

Progesterone (P4) is an anti-androgen compound whose role in sperm maturation and
functionality remains unclear in sheep. Here, we aimed to investigate the regulation …

Abstract Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been widely reported to play a vital role in
maintaining intracellular homeostasis, mainly through cellular protection and immune …