Heavy metal accumulation in soil has been rapidly increased due to various natural
processes and anthropogenic (industrial) activities. As heavy metals are non-biodegradable …

The aim of this review to address the plant-associated bacteria to enhance the
phytoremediation efficiency of the heavy metals from polluted sites and it is also highlighted …

Mineral nutrition of plants greatly depends on both environmental conditions, particularly of
soils, and the genetic background of the plant itself. Being sessile, plants adopted a range of …

Phytoremediation is an economically viable green technology that utilizes hyperaccumulator
plants to remove heavy metals (HM) from the soil. Hyperaccumulators are adept at …

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy element for plant growth and development, and plants have
evolved many strategies to cope with Cd stress. However, the mechanisms how plants …

The functions of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, boron, and chlorine in
plants are discussed. Iron (Fe) plays a crucial role in redox systems in cells and various …

Iron (Fe) deficiency remains widespread among people in developing countries. To help
solve this problem, breeders have been attempting to develop maize cultivars with high …

Iron (Fe) is vital for plant growth. Plants balance the beneficial and toxic effects of this
micronutrient, and tightly control Fe uptake and allocation. Here, we review the role of the …

Homeostasis of the essential micronutrient manganese (Mn) is crucially determined through
availability and uptake efficiency in all organisms. Mn deficiency of plants especially occurs …

The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP) gene family assists in the
transport of metal ions in plants. However, the role and underlying physiological mechanism …