Calcium (Ca2+) is a unique mineral that serves as both a nutrient and a signal in all
eukaryotes. To maintain Ca2+ homeostasis for both nutrition and signaling purposes, the …

Lipids constitute the bulk of the dry mass of the brain and have been associated with healthy
function as well as the most common pathological conditions of the brain. Demographic …

A wearable system for the personalized EEG-based detection of engagement in learning 4.0
is proposed. In particular, the effectiveness of the proposed solution is assessed by means …

The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell
adhesion, ie, the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting …

Cholesterol homeostasis is vital for brain function. Brain cholesterol is locally synthesized,
with varying synthesis capacities across different cell types. Moreover, brain cholesterol …

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and long-term potentiation (LTP)
were discovered within a decade of each other and have been inextricably intertwined ever …

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is arguably the most compelling cellular model for learning and
memory. While the mechanisms underlying the induction of LTP ('learning') are well …

Second messengers are small molecules and ions that relay signals received by cell-
surface receptors to effector proteins. They include a wide variety of chemical species and …

Progress in neuroimmunology established that the nervous and the immune systems are
two functionally related physiological systems. Unique sensory and immune receptors …

Abstract Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) is essential for synaptic plasticity
and learning by decoding synaptic Ca2+ oscillations. Despite decades of extensive …