Sex chromosomes have evolved hundreds of independent times across eukaryotes. As
genome sequencing, assembly, and scaffolding techniques rapidly improve, it is now …

The number of dioecious species for which the genetic basis of sex determination has been
resolved is rapidly increasing. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms downstream of the …

Plants have evolved sex chromosomes independently in many lineages, and loss of
separate sexes can also occur. In this study, we assembled a monoecious recently …

Background Amaranthus L. is a diverse genus consisting of domesticated, weedy, and non-
invasive species distributed around the world. Nine species are dioecious, of which …

Abstract Background and Aims The largest genus of Salicaceae sensu lato, Salix, has been
shown to consist of two main clades: clade Salix, in which species have XY sex …

Chestnut (Castanea mollisima) is an important woody food crop, but its yield has been low in
cultivation, mainly due to the problems of fewer female flowers and more male flowers …

Dioecy is rare in flowering plants (5–6% of species), but is often controlled genetically by sex-
linked regions (SLRs). It has so far been unclear whether, polyploidy affects sex …

In flowering plants, male and female functions are usually closely associated in the same
flowers, as predicted by resource allocation theory. However, the benefits of outbreeding …

Subgenome dominance after whole-genome duplication generates distinction in gene
number and expression at the level of chromosome sets, but it remains unclear how this …

Sex chromosomes or sex-determining regions (SDR) have been discovered in many
dioecious plant species, including the iconic 'living fossil'Ginkgo biloba, though the location …