This paper considers the use of multilevel models in health research. Attention focuses on
the structure and potential of such models and particular consideration is given to their use …

Reviews observational and survey studies on the simultaneous use of 2 or more of the
following substances: tobacco, alcohol, or caffeine. Evidence to date indicates that, among …

What is ahealthy'lifestyle? Which is more significant: the social circumstances in which
people live, or lifestyle habits such as exercise or smoking? Health and Lifestyles is the first …

In a prospective study of 7735 middle-aged 7 British men, 504 of whom died in a follow-up
period of 7· 5 years, there was a U-shaped relationship between alcohol intake and total …

Aims The aim was to determine whether the effect of smoking on the development of
peripheral or coronary artery disease might be mediated by other cardiovascular risk factors …

The aim of this investigation was to assess the relationship between smoking status and
nutrient intakes using a meta-analysis. Publications in English were sought through a …

In general, a lower socioeconomic status (SES) is related to a lower health status, more
health problems, and a shorter life expectancy. Although causal relations between SES and …

Debate has centred on whether the character of places plays an independent role in
shaping individual smoking behaviour. At the small-area scale, particular attention has …

Previous research on the medical consequences of shift work has mainly been concerned
with sleep disorders and gastrointestinal disturbances. Cardiovascular disease has not …

OBJECTIVE:: To review the current state of knowledge of psychiatric comorbidity in
adolescent cigarette smokers. METHOD:: Medline assisted literature search was conducted …