Background One of the most important routes of HIV transmission is through injections of
drugs, and this group, due to unawareness of their infection, causes the spread of HIV. The …

Background Although stigmatization has long been recognized as a major obstacle to HIV
prevention. The lack of a valid and reliable measurement tool for stigmatization is a major …

Ethnic minority, female, and drug-using patients may be less likely to receive highly active
antiretroviral therapy (HAART), despite its proven benefits. We reviewed the medical records …

Background. Incarceration may lead to interruptions in antiretroviral therapy (ART) for
persons receiving treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We assessed …

Although the incidence of and mortality from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have
declined recently in the United States, data are needed on the incidence of human …

Substance abuse and addiction are highly prevalent in HIV-infected individuals. Substance
abuse is an important comorbidity that affects the delivery and outcomes of HIV medical …

Design: Mortality within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study for the years 1990–2001 was compared
with the mortality of the general Swiss population. Methods: Standardized mortality ratios …

BACKGROUND: We examined the interaction of illicit drug use and depressive symptoms,
and how they affect the subsequent likelihood of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) …

Background The timeliness of HIV diagnosis and the initiation of antiretroviral treatment are
major determinants of survival for HIV-infected people. Injection drug users (IDUs) are less …

BACKGROUND: Crack cocaine use undermines adherence to highly active antiretroviral
therapy (HAART). This pilot randomized clinical trial tested the feasibility and efficacy of 2 …