Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant oncogenic virus, but the innate immune
response to HPV is poorly understood. Human α-defensin 5 (HD5) is an innate immune …

Profound loss of CD4+ T cells, progressive impairment of the immune system, inflammation,
and sustained immune activation are the characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus‐1 …

Objectives The aims of this study were to assess empiric antibiotic use for presumed urinary
tract infection (UTI) in the emergency department (ED) and to determine how often urine …

Understanding the mechanisms responsible for the kidney's defense against ascending
uropathogen is critical to devise novel treatment strategies against increasingly antibiotic …

Antimicrobial peptides are essential host defense mechanisms that prevent urinary tract
infections. Recent studies have demonstrated that peptides in the ribonuclease A …

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are being developed as gene therapy vectors due to their
low pathogenicity and tissue tropism properties. However, the efficacy of these vectors is …

Bacterial colonization of the urogenital tract is limited by innate defenses, including the
production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) resist …

Abstract Background Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are key effectors of urinary tract innate
immunity. Identifying differences in urinary AMP levels between younger and older adults is …

Beta defensins (BDs) are cationic peptides with antimicrobial activity that defend epithelial
surfaces including the skin, gastrointestinal, and respiratory tracts. However, BD expression …

Human defensin 5 (HD5) is a 32-residue host-defense peptide expressed in the
gastrointestinal, reproductive, and urinary tracts that has antimicrobial activity. It exhibits six …