Calcium ions function as a key second messenger ion in eukaryotes. Spatially and
temporally defined cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals are shaped through the concerted activity of …

Abstract Calcium ions (Ca 2+) are prominent intracellular messengers in all eukaryotic cells.
Recent studies have emphasized the crucial roles of Ca 2+ in plant immunity. Here, we …

Plants are active contributors to the betterment of human living conditions and play a critical
role in ecological systems. During the process of plant growth and development, several …

Plants launch a concerted immune response to dampen potential infections upon sensing
microbial pathogen and insect invasions. The transient and rapid elevation of the cytosolic …

Plants activate an immune or symbiotic response depending on the detection of distinct
signals from root-interacting microbes. Both signalling cascades involve Ca2+ as a central …

Chitin oligomers (COs) are among the most common and active fungal elicitors of plant
responses. Short‐chain COs from symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi activate …

In Arabidopsis thaliana, local wounding and herbivore feeding provoke leaf-to-leaf
propagating Ca 2+ waves that are dependent on the activity of members of the glutamate …

Ca2+ signaling is central to plant development and acclimation. While Ca2+-responsive
proteins have been investigated intensely in plants, only a few Ca2+-permeable channels …

Exposure of plants to low temperatures adversely affects plant growth, development, and
productivity. Plant response to cold stress is an intricate process that involves the …

The growing demand for sustainable solutions in agriculture, which are critical for crop
productivity and food quality in the face of climate change and the need to reduce …