Caffeine is a plant-derived psychostimulant that is frequently consumed with high levels of
sugar. Almost all children will be exposed to caffeinated products with the highest intakes …

Dissertation Chair: Rebekah Levine Coley Substance abuse and dependence are among
the nation's leading health issues, leading to more illnesses, disabilities, and deaths than …

It is now accepted that addiction represents a disease state that arises from a complex
combination of genetic and environmental contributions. Heritability estimates (ie, the …

В монографии изложены современные научные представления о генетике
наркологических заболеваний и концепция генетического риска их развития в рамках …

Key variables such as trauma exposure (TE) and internalizing symptoms (eg, posttraumatic
stress disorder [PTSD]) have been shown to correlate with non-medical use of prescription …

Background: Methamphetamine (METH) dependence becomes the major public health
concern for many countries. METH is an abusive stimulant with various psychophysiological …

Methamphetamine dependence has been associated with neurological damage resulting in
potentially long-lasting changes in cognitive-affective processes, a range of behavioral …

Introduction Excessive drug intake changes natural reward and stress systems in the brain,
causing a transition from positive to negative reinforcement mechanisms that drive drug …

The amphetamines are a family of substituted Phenethylamines compounds that achieve
their neurochemical and behavioral effects by liberating vesicular biogenic amine stores …