To maintain the homeostatic environment required for proper function of central nervous
system (CNS) neurons the endothelial cells of CNS microvessels tightly regulate the …

Modulation of neutrophil recruitment and function is crucial for targeting inflammatory cells to
sites of infection to combat invading pathogens while, at the same time, limiting host tissue …

Background The up-regulation of P-selectin in endothelial cells and platelets contributes to
the cell–cell interactions that are involved in the pathogenesis of vaso-occlusion and sickle …

Heparin has been recognized as a valuable anticoagulant and antithrombotic for several
decades and is still widely used in clinical practice for a variety of indications. The …

Lyme disease Borrelia are obligately parasitic, tick-transmitted, invasive, persistent bacterial
pathogens that cause disease in humans and non-reservoir vertebrates primarily through …

INTRODUCTION Most multicellular organisms have a major body cavity that harbors
immune cells. In primordial species such as the purple sea urchin, these cells—called …

The recognition of integrins as a widely expressed family of cell surface adhesion receptors
is around five years old (Hynes, 1987). At that time, one could identify about ten distinct …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult multipotent cells that give rise to various cell
types of the mesodermal germ layer. MSCs are of great interest in the field of regenerative …

Multiple protein families, each with a distinct function, provide the traffic signals for
leukocytes. The selectin family of adhesion molecules (Figure 2) has an N-terminal domain …

EXPERIMENTAL autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory condition of the
central nervous system with similarities to multiple sclerosis1, 2. In both diseases, circulating …