The bioactive peptides galanin, spexin and kisspeptin have a common ancestral origin and
their pathophysiological roles are increasingly the subject of investigation. Evidence …

THE PAST decade has witnessed an upsurge in our understanding of the hypothalamic
regulation of appetite. Expression of appetite or the motivational drive toward an energy …

Being the metabolic syndrome a multifactorial condition, it is difficult to find adequate
experimental models to study this pathology. The obese Zucker rats, which are homozygous …

A. Peripherally acting agents B. Centrally acting agents IV. Drugs That Alter Metabolism A.
Preabsorptive agents B. Postabsorptive modifiers of nutrient metabolism V. Drugs That …

Energy balance is maintained via a homeostatic system involving both the brain and the
periphery. A key component of this system is the hypothalamus. Over the past two decades …

This review focuses on the expression, content, and release of neuropeptides and on their
role in the development of obesity in animal models with single-gene mutations. The …

This paper reviews the general mechanisms by which leptin acts as a regulator of lipid
reserves through changes in food intake, energy expenditure and fuel selection, with an …

Energy homeostasis is accomplished through a highly integrated and redundant
neurohumoral system. Recently, novel molecular mediators and regulatory pathways for …

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in the hypothalamic regulation of reproduction
and energy homeostasis. The perikarya located primarily in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of …

Scientific and commercial pharmacological interest in the role of galanin and galanin
receptors in the regulation of food intake, energy balance, and obesity has waned recently …