Purpose. The pharmacology, bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, indications, clinical
efficacy, adverse effects and toxicities, and dosage and administration of the inhaled …

Recent interest in the use of low-flow or closed circuit anesthesia has rekindled interest in
the pharmacokinetics of inhaled anesthetics. The kinetic properties of inhaled anesthetics …

Abstract The Anesthetic Conserving Device (ACD) is a high-flow anesthesia system closed
to volatile anesthetics only. We compared the ACD with a circle system under different fresh …

BACKGROUND:: In surgical patients, decreasing the fresh gas flow rate in anesthesia may
minimize costs, reduce environmental pollution, and preserve heat and humidity in the …

Background The use of volatile anaesthetics has increased in situations where conventional
anaesthetic machines are inadequate or unavailable, for example, cardiac surgery and …

Background We reported a 1-1-12 wash-in scheme for desflurane-nitrous oxide (N2O) low
flow anesthesia that is simple, rapid, and predictable. There remain some situations where …

Background. We propose a 1‐1‐12 wash‐in scheme for desflurane‐nitrous oxide (N2O) low‐
flow anesthesia. The objective of our study was to determine the time to achieve alveolar …

Study Objective: To investigate the effect of two different fresh gas flows on inspired and end-
tidal sevoflurane concentration for a given vaporizer setting in a low-flow anesthesia system …

Résumé Introduction En circuit fermé, une fraction expirée choisie d'halogéné (Fet) peut être
atteinte en ajustant la fraction délivrée (Fd) ou le débit de gaz frais (DGF). L'efficacité de …

Background: Desflurane is the least soluble and most expensive inhalation agent. Hence,
low flow technique is suitable for anesthesia with desflurane. However, one of the …